Who Knows: 2016

Monday 22 February 2016

X-ray Observatory ASTRO-H

17 February 2016, 17:45 local time, Japan made a successful launch of the carrier rocket H-IIA, which has carried out a conclusion in outer space new x-ray telescope ASTRO-H, which became the most powerful and the most advanced x-ray astronomical instrument to date. The missile launch was performed from the launch pad of the cosmodrome and Tanegashima flight, during which were produced the procedure of separating the two exhaust stages, went almost flawlessly. As a result, the telescope ASTRO-H was on orbit after 14 minutes and 15 seconds after launch.

The collision of black holes

A long time scientists and astronomers have assumed that the cataclysm occurring in the collision of two black holes, emitting enormous energy that generates gravitational waves. And only recently this theory has received the first practical confirmation. According to estimates, the energy of collision is equal to the energy released in a space of 10^23 stars, equivalent in all respects to the Sun. Just imagine - the energy of 100,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 stars! And the most important thing in this is that all this mass of energy is released within a very short period of time, during the last few turns around each other colliding black holes, which eventually merge and form a single rotating black hole large sizes.

Cesare Beccaria

(1738-1794)

Outstanding lawyers

A prominent Italian jurist, humanist and educator. He was born and lived in Milan. After graduating from law school he engaged in literary activities. Beccaria 4 months has written a book-a pamphlet, "On crimes and punishments" (1764), which determined his place in the history of political doctrines, criminal law and legislation. In his book, Beccaria not only denounced, but proved the irrationality of cruelty, injustice and tyranny of the feudal justice system, clearly revealed unsystematic and contradictory legislation of contemporary States in Europe. Beccaria called for the establishment of equality of all citizens before the law, particularly through the abolition of privileges of the nobility, insisted that only the law can define a range of criminal conduct and that the offender can be sentenced only to the penalty that was previously established by law.

Welding neuron

Scientists have developed a technology for laser welding of neurons with each other

A group of researchers from the University of Alberta (University of Alberta), has developed a technology for quick connection of neurons to each other using ultrashort pulses of laser light. This technology gives researchers a complete control of the manufacturing process of artificial neural networks, which opens up huge perspectives in the field of neurobiological research in the field of medicine to eliminate the effects of certain neurological diseases and injuries of the nervous tissue.

The electrode-stent

Interfaces the brain-computer, which were developed in sufficient numbers in recent years, allow paralyzed people to control "power of thought" specialized robotic prostheses, exoskeletons, robots, and controls the user interfaces of computer programs. In most cases such interfaces require electrodes or chips embedded in the brain surgically, which represent the minimum level of noise and interference relative to the level of the wanted signal from the neurons. However, a new type of electrode design is similar to a medical stent, can provide high quality recording from neurons without the need for dangerous surgical operations on the open brain. Electrode "stentrode", the size of a matchstick, which was developed by a group of Australian scientists, can be simply inserted into a vein that is part of the circulatory system of the brain.

The Reactor Wendelstein 7-X

The newest experimental fusion reactor Wendelstein 7-X was successfully warmed up injected into his cell a small amount of hydrogen to a temperature of 80 million degrees Celsius, turning hydrogen gas into high temperature plasma. Most of the settings and modes of operation of the reactor were identified by German scientists at the end of last year, during the first run of the reactor in which the fuel used is gaseous helium. And the last event is the beginning of an extensive programme of testing and research in the field of thermonuclear fusion using the world's largest reactor type stellato.

Interesting ways of divorce

In different countries around the world divorce in different ways. An interesting custom is in one English town. If a person will go to the temple and, with my hand on the Bible, I would say that during the entire calendar year, never regretted the marriage, he was entitled to the reward in the form of hams. This custom existed for 350 years. The annals state that in all that time ham handed to just 8 pieces.

1. Unbelievable, but until the 18th century in Wales, terminate the marriage with an ordinary broom. Divorce was possible, jumping the broom, set at the front door. The broom was supposed to jump one of the spouses.

Gadgets spoil the appearance

Various gadgets have become an integral part of our lives. However, doctors are concerned that the new technology can adversely affect the appearance and health of the person. What's is their destructive impact and how to prevent?

"Tech-neck"

Horizontal wrinkles formed on the skin of the neck, give the effect of "tech neck". Such a deficiency occurs in women who often have to use a laptop and a smartphone. At the dermatologist Joel Schlessinger is your explanation of this phenomenon. The thing is that with straightened back the head of an adult weighs 4 kilograms. If the head is slightly bent forward, its load on the neck is 22 pounds. I frequently work with a laptop or smartphone human muscles and skin of the neck suffer from heavy load. Because of this, felt back pain and heaviness in the neck. In addition, its delicate and thin skin loses collagen, which leads to the formation of wrinkles.

The trials of animals

In the Middle ages the trial of animals was considered a matter of quite common. In those days there was no discrimination based on race, appearance and detachment.

— In 1545 in Switzerland took place the trial of the beetles. Drafted a document which stated that the beetles must live in a specially designated area for them. Residents, living nearby, was strictly forbidden to cause any damage to the beetles in areas of habitat.

— In Spain, in the city of Camarena, tried the mole. In 1540 the mole was spoiled very valuable tapestry. Unbelievable but mole was sentenced to beheading. Themis has announced that the mole is expelled from the country.

The sooner the Catholic Church was engaged advocates of the devil?

About lawyers

Until 1983, the Catholic Church had a special position — the devil's advocate. The work of this man was to collect all possible arguments against the canonization of another righteous candidate. In contrast to the devil's advocate there was another post — the defender of God, whose functions were opposite. In modern language, the term "devil's advocate" is often used to refer to people who defend a position that do not adhere to.

10 best combinations of colors in clothing

1. Red

If you wear red, be prepared for the increased attention: this is the color for self-confident people. We do not advise you to wear total red-onion, to avoid excessive sexuality. True classics is a black and red combination. Choose such things that the colors were represented by large color blocks. For example, mix and match the pants and the sweater in black with a red coat

2. Pastel

Feel free to combine pastel shades, this year it's their time. World-
renowned Pantone color Institute has named two colors 2016: rose quartz and pale lavender. The upcoming spring will be tender and sentimental!

3. White

White is combined with all other colors. It looks particularly striking with a blue, red and black. To create casual images note the beautiful combination of white sand, or brown. These reserved colours will look great in a business style.

4. Denim

For a long time, the combination of different colors denim was banned, but now it meets regularly on the street-photos from all fashion weeks. Don't be afraid to combine denim things. The main rule: the shades should not be the same. For example, wear a light shirt and dark blue jeans

5. Sea theme

First sailor suit began to wear Coco Chanel in the 30-ies of the last century. Dark blue stripe is still considered one of the most stylish prints. Colors marine theme include blue, white, black and red colors. To create a sophisticated image, designers are advised to add gold accessories.

6. Mustard

Mustard goes perfectly with brown, chocolate, charcoal, beige, yellow. Create a classic look it can be combined with the basic colors: white and black. Our choice is a combination of mustard and pink. This mix can be worn even in the office, while remaining delicate and feminine.

7. Marsala

Incredibly beautiful color Marsala is named in honor of Sicilian wine. This wine shade is easily combined with many other colors. It is best to combine with the classic: black, white, gray. Marsala can also be mixed with beige, milk, coffee.

8. Pink

To create a delicate and feminine look — wear the color pink. It is combined with white, beige, blue, brown, blue. The most winning color combination of pink and white form: in this form, she can even go for work or a business meeting. Spring is coming, which means it's time to buy a pink coat. Wear it with beige or white pants.

9. Grey

Grey doesn't mean boring. It is an ideal base for office style, but it is not advisable to wear it from head to toe. Better prefer a combination of grey and green. Grey color goes well with any shade of green, from mint to olive.

10. Blue

The color blue is one of the most aristocratic in the color palette. He successfully combined with white, beige and ivory color. It can also be combined with brown, red and yellow. The combination with brown will create a noble image!